4-point Inspection

A 4-point inspection is a type of home inspection that focuses on four key areas of a property: the roof, electrical system, plumbing system, and HVAC system (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning). It is typically required by insurance companies before issuing or renewing a homeowner’s insurance policy, particularly for older homes. The inspection helps assess the condition of these critical components of the house and identifies potential risks, especially in relation to insurance coverage.

1. Roof:
   
   • Inspectors assess the age, condition, and materials of the roof to determine its remaining lifespan and whether it is at risk of needing costly repairs.
   • They check for signs of damage, leaks, and wear, and may also look for issues like missing shingles, signs of deterioration, or improper installation.
   • The roof's overall durability and whether it meets building codes or has been properly maintained are important factors.

1. Electrical System:
   
   • The inspector evaluates the electrical system to ensure it is up to code and safe.
   • This includes checking the service panel (or breaker box) for proper functioning and any signs of wear, outdated wiring, or faulty components.
   • The inspector will also look for signs of electrical hazards such as exposed wiring, overloaded circuits, or outdated systems (e.g., knob-and-tube wiring in older homes).

1. Plumbing System:
   
   • The plumbing inspection looks for leaks, water damage, and the overall condition of pipes, fixtures, and water heaters.
   • The inspector will check for rust, corrosion, or the use of outdated materials like galvanized pipes that may need to be replaced.
   • The inspection may also include checking for the presence of proper drainage, water pressure, and signs of potential issues like leaks or blockages.

1. HVAC System:
   
   • The HVAC system inspection focuses on heating, ventilation, and air conditioning units, ensuring that they are in good working condition and properly maintained.
   • Inspectors look at the age of the system, its energy efficiency, and whether it complies with current safety standards.
   • Common issues include clogged filters, faulty ductwork, outdated units, or the need for servicing.

• Insurance Requirements: Insurance companies use the results of the 4-point inspection to evaluate the risk associated with insuring a home, especially older properties. If any of the four systems are deemed to be in poor condition or non-compliant with current codes, the insurer may require repairs or upgrades before issuing a policy.
• Identifying Potential Risks: For homeowners, the 4-point inspection serves as an early warning system to address problems before they become major, expensive repairs. It provides an opportunity to fix issues that could impact the safety or efficiency of the home.
• Policy Approvals and Discounts: In some cases, a clean 4-point inspection report can lead to better insurance rates or coverage terms, as it indicates that the home is well-maintained and less risky to insure.

• Home Insurance Policies: If you're applying for or renewing a homeowner's insurance policy—especially in areas with high risks of storms or flooding—an insurer may require a 4-point inspection to assess the condition of the home and its key systems.
• Homes Older than 25 Years: Many insurers require a 4-point inspection for homes older than 25 years, as older systems are more prone to issues and damage.
• Before Buying or Selling: Although not always required, a 4-point inspection might be recommended when purchasing an older home or selling one, especially in regions with strict insurance requirements.

A licensed home inspector or insurance inspector typically conducts the 4-point inspection. They may also be certified in specific areas like electrical or plumbing systems. The inspector prepares a report detailing the condition of the four key areas, which is then submitted to the insurance company.

• Roofing: Old, worn-out shingles, leaks, or roofs that need replacement.
• Electrical: Outdated panels, improper grounding, or the presence of old wiring (e.g., aluminum or knob-and-tube wiring).
• Plumbing: Leaky pipes, outdated galvanized piping, or water heaters near the end of their lifespan.
• HVAC: Outdated or inefficient units, the need for servicing or cleaning, or issues with air ducts.

A 4-point inspection is a useful tool for both homeowners and insurers to assess and manage risks associated with a property’s critical systems. If you're purchasing an older home or renewing your insurance, it’s essential to be aware of this inspection, as it can impact your insurance rates, coverage, and even your ability to secure a policy.